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Practice Test Answers for SPECIAL EDUCATION SET 2 Part 2

<p class="MsoNormal">77.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>A.
Established Risk<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">78.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>D. Francis
Galton<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">79.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>D. Both B
& C (Cooperating Classroom Teacher and Itinerant Teacher)<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">80.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>D. Spatial
Intelligence<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">81.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>C. Short
Program<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">82.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>B.
Chunking<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">84.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>B. Haptic
Intelligence Scale for the Blind Adult<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">86.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>C.
Anecdotal<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">87.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>A.
Instructional Objectives<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">88.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>C.
Adapting the Environment<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">89.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>B. Small
Group Art Activities<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">90.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>A. Center
Based Programs<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">91.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>B.
Inter-Disciplinary Approach<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">92.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>A. Fluency
Problem<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">93.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>C.
Anecdotal Recording<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">94.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>B.
Immaturity<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">95.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>C.
Transition<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">96.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>D. Role
Release<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">97.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>A. Content
Mastery<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">98.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>C.
Functionality<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">99.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span>B.
Poliomyelitis<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal">100.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">        </span>C. Grief</p></div>

Practice Test Answers for SPECIAL EDUCATION SET 2 Part 2

LET Reviewer - Professional Education LET Reviewer for Professional Education PRACTICE TEST FOR SPECIAL EDUCATION 76. C....

LET - Special Education Reviewer Set 1 Part 2

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LET Reviewer - Professional Education</div>
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<b>PRACTICE TEST FOR </b><b>SPECIAL EDUCATION</b><br /><br /> <div>26. Those skills that allows a child to independently care for himself or herself, are basic for maintaining life, and deal with bodily functions.</div><div><br /></div><div>A. Individualized Educational Programs</div><div>B. Self-Care Skills</div><div>C. Rehabilitation Program</div><div>D. Play Base Learning</div><div><br /></div><div>27. A professional who deals with the improvement of person’s strength and movement in the lower and upper limbs.</div><div>A. Physical Programs</div><div>B. Self-Care Skill</div><div>C. Rehabilitation Program</div><div>D. Occupational Therapist</div><div><br /></div><div>28. Joanna is said to be functional in her activity of daily living and is able to cope with her academic requirements but there are times she needs to hold the words in the book since she said” the words are running around” and she is a little less lower in her current age group when it comes to her reading skills she said to have?</div><div>A. Down Syndrome</div><div>B. Deaf</div><div>C. Dyslexia</div><div>D. Dyscalculia</div><div><br /></div><div>29. Results can be used to individualize instruction and develop individual education plans</div><div>A. Screen Saver</div><div>B. Scanners</div><div>C. Assessment Software</div><div>D. Voice Recorder</div><div><br /></div><div>30. A condition very common among young children with excessive physical activity.</div><div>A. Autism</div><div>B. Attention Deficit Disorder</div><div>C. Attention Deficit With Hyperactivity Disorder</div><div>D. Visual Impairment</div><div><br /></div><div>31. Behavioral is monitored in term or whether defined behaviors occur or do not occur within specific time intervals.</div><div>A. Duration Data</div><div>B. Latency Data</div><div>C. Rate Data</div><div>D. Interval Recording</div><div><br /></div><div>32. These are devices are more complicated, many of which can be manufactured locally.</div><div>A. Computer Tech</div><div>B. Medium Tech</div><div>C. Power Tech</div><div>D. High Tech</div><div><br /></div><div>33. The knowledge and skills expected to be learned by a student by high school graduation.</div><div>A. Core product</div><div>B. Core curriculum</div><div>C. Core development</div><div>D. None</div><div><br /></div><div>34. Sought a curriculum in harmony with the child's 'real' interests, needs and learning patterns.</div><div>A. System</div><div>B. The developmentalist</div><div>C. The meliorist</div><div>D. Praxis</div><div><br /></div><div>35. Artificial reinforcers given in a specific number upon emission of target behavior to be later used to "purchase" reinforcement.</div><div>A. Token Economy</div><div>B. Stimulus Control</div><div>C. Shaping</div><div>D. Punishment</div><div><br /></div><div>36. The centre of the process and makes an explicit commitment to emancipation. Thus action is not simply informed, it is also committed.</div><div>A. Praxis</div><div>B. Product</div><div>C. Development</div><div>D. Process</div><div><br /></div><div>37. Concept attributed to John Locke, young children seen very much like blank slate. Learning is not innate but rather the result of experiences and activities.</div><div>A. Prompts</div><div>B. Play Therapy</div><div>C. Tabula Rasa</div><div>D. None</div><div><br /></div><div>38. The ability to express oneself in terms of language communication skills may it be done verbally or through actions.</div><div>A. Learning Attitude</div><div>B. Language Program</div><div>C. Behavioral Management</div><div>D. Expressive Language</div><div><br /></div><div>39.  The teacher monitor progress, probe for generalization and modify instructional plans necessary.</div><div>A. Monitoring</div><div>B. Evaluation</div><div>C. Lesson Planning</div><div>D. Behavior Plan</div><div><br /></div><div>40. It is known to be a genetic disorder which causes muscular degeneration and mostly boys are affected due to the recessive gene inherited from the mother.</div><div>A. Muscular Dystrophy</div><div>B. Spina Bifida</div><div>C. Paralysis</div><div>D. Blind</div><div><br /></div><div>41. Assessment should be conducted by a team with equal status afforded to the family and    professionals.</div><div>A. Multitask Assessment</div><div>B. Multidynamic Asssessment</div><div>C. Multidisciplinary Assessment</div><div>D. Multiorganized Assessment</div><div><br /></div><div>42. Involve placing an object in a location that will more than likely increase a desired response.</div><div>A. Visual/Pictorial Prompts</div><div>B. Language rehabilitation</div><div>C. Behavioral Discipline</div><div>D. None</div><div><br /></div><div>43. It is marked by truancy ,gang membership theft and feeling of pride and belonging to a delinquent subculture.</div><div>A. Anxiety withdrawal</div><div>B. Conduct disorder</div><div>C. Immaturity</div><div>D. Socialized Aggression</div><div><br /></div><div>44. It is known as a paralysis which affects only one side of the body both the arms and legs are affected either left or right.</div><div>A. Quadriplegia</div><div>B. Hemilplegia</div><div>C. Diplegia</div><div>D. Monoplegia</div><div><br /></div><div>45. It refers to the inability to select an appropriate response to a stimulus.</div><div>A. Stimulus Response</div><div>B. Stimuli Control</div><div>C. Magnitude</div><div>D. Topography</div><div><br /></div><div>46. The child is born one or both feet deformed usually with the feet and toes turns inward.</div><div>A. Foot Disorder</div><div>B. Clubhand</div><div>C. Syndactilism</div><div>D. Clubfoot</div><div><br /></div><div>47. The use of a high-rate behavior to increase the occurrence of a low-rate of behaviour.</div><div>A. Premack Principle</div><div>B. Overcorrection</div><div>C. Punishment</div><div>D. Consequences</div><div><br /></div><div>48. Systematic development of reasoning power and the communication of 'the canon'.</div><div>A. The theorist</div><div>B. The teacher</div><div>C. The liberal educator</div><div>D. The philosopher</div><div><br /></div><div>50. These are devices are lightweight and easy for a non verbal autistic child to transport.</div><div>A. Computer</div><div>B. Handheld Device</div><div>C. Technical Device</div><div>D. Laptop Device</div><br /><p><b><a href="https://www.infinithink.org/2023/03/practice-test-answers-special-education-set1-part2.html" target="_blank">Answers here</a></b></p>

LET - Special Education Reviewer Set 1 Part 2

LET Reviewer - Professional Education LET Reviewer for Professional Education PRACTICE TEST FOR SPECIAL EDUCATION 26. Those skills ...

Practice Test Answers for SPECIAL EDUCATION SET 1 Part 2

<p>26.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Self-Care Skills</p><p>27.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>D. Occupational Therapist</p><p>28.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. Dyslexia</p><p>29.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. Assessment Software</p><p>30.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. Attention Deficit With Hyperactivity Disorder</p><p>31.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>D. Interval Recording</p><p>32.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Medium Tech</p><p>33.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Core curriculum</p><p>34.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. The developmentalist</p><p>35.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Token Economy</p><p>36.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Praxis</p><p>37.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. Tabula Rasa</p><p>38.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>D. Expressive Language</p><p>39.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Monitoring</p><p>40.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Muscular Dystrophy</p><p>41.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. Multidisciplinary Assessment</p><p>42.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Visual/Pictorial Prompts</p><p>43.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Conduct disorder</p><p>44.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Hemiplegia</p><p>45.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Stimulus Response</p><p>46.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>D. Clubfoot</p><p>47.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Premack Principle</p><p>48.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. The liberal educator</p><p>49.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Handheld Device</p><p>26.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Self-Care Skills</p><p>27.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>D. Occupational Therapist</p><p>28.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. Dyslexia</p><p>29.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. Assessment Software</p><p>30.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. Attention Deficit With Hyperactivity Disorder</p><p>31.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>D. Interval Recording</p><p>32.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Medium Tech</p><p>33.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Core curriculum</p><p>34.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. The developmentalist</p><p>35.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Token Economy</p><p>36.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Praxis</p><p>37.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. Tabula Rasa</p><p>38.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>D. Expressive Language</p><p>39.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Monitoring</p><p>40.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Muscular Dystrophy</p><p>41.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. Multidisciplinary Assessment</p><p>42.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Visual/Pictorial Prompts</p><p>43.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Conduct disorder</p><p>44.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Hemiplegia</p><p>45.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Stimulus Response</p><p>46.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>D. Clubfoot</p><p>47.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Premack Principle</p><p>48.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. The liberal educator</p><p>50.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Handheld Device</p><p><br /></p>

Practice Test Answers for SPECIAL EDUCATION SET 1 Part 2

LET Reviewer - Professional Education LET Reviewer for Professional Education PRACTICE TEST FOR SPECIAL EDUCATION 26. B. Self-C...

Practice Test Answers for SPECIAL EDUCATION SET 1 Part 1

<p>1.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Special education</p><p>2.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Inclusive education</p><p>3.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Curriculum</p><p>4.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Orthotic Device</p><p>5.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Receptive language</p><p>6.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. Behavioral Disorder</p><p>7.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Norms Reference Test</p><p>8.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. Autism</p><p>9.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. Curriculum Development</p><p>10.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Gifted</p><p>11.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Multi Media Principle</p><p>12.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. p arm</p><p>13.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Multicultural Assessment</p><p>14.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Interactive Book</p><p>15.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. Ongoing Information exchange</p><p>16.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>D. Prader Willi Syndrome</p><p>17.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Screen readers</p><p>18.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Hypoxia</p><p>19.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>D. Mind Power</p><p>20.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Athetoid</p><p>21.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>A. Sensorimotor</p><p>22.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. Curriculum</p><p>23.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>C. Receptive language</p><p>24.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>D. Prompts</p><p>25.<span style="white-space: pre;">	</span>B. Visual problem</p><p><br /></p>

Practice Test Answers for SPECIAL EDUCATION SET 1 Part 1

LET Reviewer - Professional Education LET Reviewer for Professional Education PRACTICE TEST FOR SPECIAL EDUCATION 1. B. Special...

List of Philippine Vice Presidents

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ-DwMOuZgRAA1K8oFxfhL4PKOAnEdImp2K6vr3pwOTydTDulRsec3vnqpOUMkbAPbd6boTgudt9dpLSzAT_BK1ChWv1P0wbNaSy6WKxmfcqiOpmZhsfVcTVo1lYMwEIOizg15F1EW0JONupjuNuqCfeyh2fyOarjyyZ_4mxGqI2Cwy9WuCfGCTGB35Q/s600/philippine-flag.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="600" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ-DwMOuZgRAA1K8oFxfhL4PKOAnEdImp2K6vr3pwOTydTDulRsec3vnqpOUMkbAPbd6boTgudt9dpLSzAT_BK1ChWv1P0wbNaSy6WKxmfcqiOpmZhsfVcTVo1lYMwEIOizg15F1EW0JONupjuNuqCfeyh2fyOarjyyZ_4mxGqI2Cwy9WuCfGCTGB35Q/w400-h266/philippine-flag.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p><b>1. Sergio Osmeña (1935-1944)</b> - Vice President under President Manuel Quezon and later became the President of the Philippines after the death of Quezon in 1944</p><p><b>2. Elpidio Quirino (1946-1953)</b> - Vice President under President Manuel Roxas and later became the President of the Philippines after the death of Roxas in 1948</p><p><b>3. Fernando Lopez (1949-1953) </b>- Vice President under President Elpidio Quirino and later became Vice President under President Carlos Garcia</p><p><b>4. Carlos P. Garcia (1953-1957)</b> - Vice President under President Ramon Magsaysay and later became the President of the Philippines after the death of Magsaysay in 1957</p><p><b>5. Diosdado Macapagal (1957-1961)</b> - Vice President under President Carlos Garcia and later became the President of the Philippines after winning the 1961 presidential election</p><p><b>6. Emmanuel Pelaez (1961-1965)</b> - Vice President under President Diosdado Macapagal</p><p><b>7. Fernando Lopez (1965-1973)</b> - Vice President under President Ferdinand Marcos</p><p><b>8. Arturo Tolentino (1986-1992)</b> - Vice President under President Ferdinand Marcos and later declared himself as Vice President during the 1986 People Power Revolution</p><p><b>9. Joseph Estrada (1992-1998)</b> - Vice President under President Fidel Ramos and later became the President of the Philippines after winning the 1998 presidential election</p><p><b>10. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (1998-2001) </b>- Vice President under President Joseph Estrada and later became the President of the Philippines after the ouster of Estrada in 2001</p><p><b>11. Teofisto Guingona Jr. (2001-2004)</b> - Vice President under President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo</p><p><b>12. Noli de Castro (2004-2010)</b> - Vice President under President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo</p><p><b>13. Jejomar Binay (2010-2016)</b> - Vice President under President Benigno Aquino III</p><p><b>14. Leni Robredo (2016-2022)</b> - Vice President under President Rodrigo Duterte</p><p><b>15. Sara Duterte (2022-present)</b> - Vice President under President Bongbong Marcos</p><p>Note that Emilio Aguinaldo was the first President of the Philippines and his term started on January 23, 1899, and ended on April 1, 1901, after he was captured by American forces. However, during his term, there was no Vice President as the position was not yet established at that time.</p>

List of Philippine Vice Presidents

1. Sergio Osmeña (1935-1944) - Vice President under President Manuel Quezon and later became the President of the Philippines after the dea...

Ramon del Fierro Magsaysay

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEispri7oiUKHc5Z7JOhbBpEKCWb_1nKmnQ1b_pPR4_-7SqBMtitlYH2QQ64QdCukZq5x570cnhO2HO-uGcifrMpdmydCc7tsplSnYqiegqd9azlma68DdTE7iRRZzzusGwrdUcBPWFyCB-OlfRz9JZfuigMSKGCzHQybKC4MgNBUwzetaw0BhkZ8MdHNg/s520/ramon%20magsaysay.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="250" data-original-width="520" height="193" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEispri7oiUKHc5Z7JOhbBpEKCWb_1nKmnQ1b_pPR4_-7SqBMtitlYH2QQ64QdCukZq5x570cnhO2HO-uGcifrMpdmydCc7tsplSnYqiegqd9azlma68DdTE7iRRZzzusGwrdUcBPWFyCB-OlfRz9JZfuigMSKGCzHQybKC4MgNBUwzetaw0BhkZ8MdHNg/w400-h193/ramon%20magsaysay.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p>Ramon Magsaysay served as the 7th President of the Philippines from 1953 until his untimely death in 1957. Some of his achievements and legacies include:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Defeating the Hukbalahap Rebellion: Magsaysay led a successful campaign against the communist Hukbalahap Rebellion, which had been ongoing since the end of World War II. He implemented a program of amnesty and rehabilitation for former Huk fighters, which helped to bring an end to the insurgency.</li></ul><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Promotion of the Barong Tagalog: Magsaysay promoted the use of the barong tagalog, a traditional Filipino garment made of lightweight fabric, as a symbol of national identity. He wore the barong tagalog on many occasions and encouraged its use among government officials and the public.</li></ul><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Reforming Guerilla Affairs: Magsaysay reformed the system for handling guerrilla affairs, which had been plagued by corruption and inefficiency. He implemented a more streamlined and effective process for recognizing and compensating guerrilla fighters who had served during World War II.</li></ul><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The "Golden Years": Magsaysay's presidency is often referred to as the "Golden Years" of Philippine history. He implemented a number of reforms aimed at promoting social justice and economic development, including land reform, rural electrification, and the establishment of a minimum wage.</li></ul><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Second in Asia: Under Magsaysay's leadership, the Philippines became the second most developed country in Asia, after Japan.</li></ul><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>National Reforestation and Rehabilitation Administration (NARRA): Magsaysay established the NARRA, an agency tasked with promoting reforestation and land conservation in the Philippines. The agency helped to promote sustainable land use practices and mitigate the effects of deforestation.</li></ul><p></p><p>Overall, Magsaysay's legacy is marked by his commitment to promoting national identity, social justice, and economic development. His successful campaign against the Hukbalahap Rebellion helped to restore peace and order to the country, while his promotion of the barong tagalog and land reform helped to promote a sense of national identity and social equity. His reforms in guerilla affairs and economic policies, as well as his establishment of the NARRA, helped to promote sustainable development and conservation efforts. Magsaysay's presidency is widely regarded as one of the most successful in Philippine history.</p><p></p>

Ramon del Fierro Magsaysay

Ramon Magsaysay served as the 7th President of the Philippines from 1953 until his untimely death in 1957. Some of his achievements and lega...

Diosdado Macapagal

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2ffiESev5Hn_rrsUl8jkMj69PBPDtAKHFgHqMzrQvL1bhXLkUZz_W1quIFa8TDO1KoE-Wt2NtEeZQDtfNTJsVGkrz2D4a1XiaKdlWmQabtkRGrjlzAjrKGbas4EoBQRdbMh419WGCBQZJP5Zd9YJ3qQpID2y6CYSEHCbvoby9XJAxu70Bfws2NNuiow/s520/diosdado%20macapagal.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="250" data-original-width="520" height="193" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2ffiESev5Hn_rrsUl8jkMj69PBPDtAKHFgHqMzrQvL1bhXLkUZz_W1quIFa8TDO1KoE-Wt2NtEeZQDtfNTJsVGkrz2D4a1XiaKdlWmQabtkRGrjlzAjrKGbas4EoBQRdbMh419WGCBQZJP5Zd9YJ3qQpID2y6CYSEHCbvoby9XJAxu70Bfws2NNuiow/w400-h193/diosdado%20macapagal.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p><br /></p><p>Diosdado Macapagal served as the 9th President of the Philippines from 1961 to 1965. During his presidency, he implemented various policies and initiatives that had significant impacts on the country's economic, social, and political landscape. Here are some of his achievements and legacies:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Land Reform - One of Macapagal's most significant achievements was his implementation of a comprehensive land reform program. This program aimed to distribute land to landless farmers and reduce the power of wealthy landowners. It also promoted tenant ownership and provided government support for agricultural development. This program helped improve the lives of many poor farmers and contributed to the growth of the agricultural sector.</li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Economic Liberalization - Macapagal also pursued policies that aimed to liberalize and open up the Philippine economy to foreign investment. He abolished the system of import and export quotas, lowered tariffs, and allowed foreign investment in various sectors. This helped attract foreign investment and contributed to the growth of the country's economy.</li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Shift to the Gregorian Calendar - Macapagal also made a historic move by changing the country's calendar from the old Spanish colonial calendar to the internationally recognized Gregorian calendar. This helped align the Philippines with the rest of the world and facilitated better international communication and trade.</li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Stronger Ties with Southeast Asian Neighbors - Macapagal also pursued a foreign policy that aimed to strengthen ties with Southeast Asian neighbors. He supported the formation of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and advocated for greater regional cooperation and integration.</li></ul><p></p><p>Overall, Diosdado Macapagal's presidency was marked by a focus on social and economic reforms, as well as promoting international cooperation and integration. His policies and initiatives continue to have an impact on the country today.</p>

Diosdado Macapagal

Diosdado Macapagal served as the 9th President of the Philippines from 1961 to 1965. During his presidency, he implemented various policies ...

Rodrigo Roa Duterte

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi24N_QH6EMkYlyzHKF6k98_eDeZg4I1pKahTIKYjJsGav_ucANmikLkdwAlPrA53PFM8IIdhneraYU2n64u4TIBBsFRAfVbaHb7JTLl3UJpD0aabvVR_kLdl7xTui47a8Gg4PZ8V7aPlCnL53OJ8SwVVtoQbzpZbzMBDAFfYSJABk2sviaMuRgXmv0ew/s647/rodrigo%20duterte2'.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="404" data-original-width="647" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi24N_QH6EMkYlyzHKF6k98_eDeZg4I1pKahTIKYjJsGav_ucANmikLkdwAlPrA53PFM8IIdhneraYU2n64u4TIBBsFRAfVbaHb7JTLl3UJpD0aabvVR_kLdl7xTui47a8Gg4PZ8V7aPlCnL53OJ8SwVVtoQbzpZbzMBDAFfYSJABk2sviaMuRgXmv0ew/w400-h250/rodrigo%20duterte2'.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p>Rodrigo R. Duterte served as the 16th President of the Philippines from 2016 to 2022. During his term, he implemented various programs and initiatives aimed at improving the country's economy, infrastructure, public safety, and social services. However, his presidency was also marked by controversies and criticisms.</p><p><b>Achievements:</b></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The Public-Private Partnerships program infrastructure program was continued and expanded under Duterte administration's Buildd, Build, Build program. Major infrastructure projects were completed, such as the Metro Manila Skyway Stage 3, the Mactan-Cebu International Airport Terminal 2, and the Sangley Airport in Cavite.</li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The Universal Health Care law was enacted, which aimed to provide all Filipinos with access to quality health services.</li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The Build, Build, Build infrastructure program, along with other initiatives, contributed to the country's economic growth, with an average GDP growth rate of 6.5% from 2016 to 2019.</li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Duterte implemented the Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion (TRAIN) law, which aimed to simplify the tax system and generate additional revenue for the government. The law lowered personal income tax rates, while increasing excise taxes on fuel and sugary beverages, among others.</li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Duterte's foreign policy emphasized closer ties with China and a more independent stance from the United States. He also strengthened the country's relationships with other countries, such as Japan and Russia, and pursued an active role in regional organizations like the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).</li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The Bangsamoro Organic Law was enacted during Duterte's term, which created the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). The law aimed to address the longstanding conflict in Mindanao and provide the Bangsamoro people with greater self-determination.</li></ul><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Another achievement of Duterte's presidency was the recovery of the Balangiga Bells from the United States. The bells, which were taken by American soldiers as war booty during the Philippine-American War, were returned to the Philippines in 2018 after decades of efforts by Philippine officials and activists</li></ul></div><p></p><p><b>Controversies:</b></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Duterte's campaign against illegal drugs, which he launched at the start of his presidency, was marked by extrajudicial killings, human rights violations, and accusations of police corruption. Human rights groups estimate that thousands of suspected drug users and dealers were killed during police operations or by vigilantes.</li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Duterte's statements and actions, including his derogatory remarks about women, his controversial statements about the Catholic Church, and his attacks on political opponents and media outlets, drew widespread criticism and raised concerns about freedom of speech and human rights.</li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Duterte's foreign policy, particularly his pivot towards China, was controversial, with some critics questioning the potential implications for the country's national security and sovereignty. Duterte's decision to set aside the 2016 ruling of the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague in favor of the Philippines in its maritime dispute with China was also criticized by some.</li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The implementation of the Bangsamoro Organic Law faced challenges, including questions about its constitutionality and delays in the transition process. There were also concerns raised about the inclusion of certain areas in the BARMM, particularly those with significant non-Muslim populations.</li></ul><p></p>

Rodrigo Roa Duterte

Rodrigo R. Duterte served as the 16th President of the Philippines from 2016 to 2022. During his term, he implemented various programs and i...

Benigno Simeon Aquino III

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9Bmkxr_Ao6aumjXZV5HEZ_04Wu6ilNv56fT0LcvcTTuxNdn9J0jRbepxZwCr8ecN-xLMyGbWKQ9_XQ_Z5PNNK6RmRe9Y1PxvjPxh9uO7mq12CcWg-YcJjh4366GIYm95FXZZw0FK1ONIEFPLwv4E_QL-uRLOhvq_D7RxuH5rELnmpk79ufmsYJwt_GA/s520/benigno%20aquino%20iii.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="250" data-original-width="520" height="193" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9Bmkxr_Ao6aumjXZV5HEZ_04Wu6ilNv56fT0LcvcTTuxNdn9J0jRbepxZwCr8ecN-xLMyGbWKQ9_XQ_Z5PNNK6RmRe9Y1PxvjPxh9uO7mq12CcWg-YcJjh4366GIYm95FXZZw0FK1ONIEFPLwv4E_QL-uRLOhvq_D7RxuH5rELnmpk79ufmsYJwt_GA/w400-h193/benigno%20aquino%20iii.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><br />Benigno Simeon "Noynoy" Aquino III served as the 15th President of the Philippines from 2010 to 2016. During his term, he implemented various programs and initiatives aimed at improving the economy, infrastructure, education, government reform, health, and peace and order in the country. However, his presidency was also marked by controversies and criticisms.<br /><p><b>Economy:</b></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Under Aquino's term, the Philippine economy experienced significant growth, with an average GDP growth rate of 6.3% from 2010 to 2016.</li></ul><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Aquino implemented the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) program, which aimed to encourage private sector investment in public infrastructure projects.</li></ul><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The Philippines received investment-grade credit ratings during his term, which helped boost investor confidence.</li></ul><p></p><p><b>Infrastructure:</b></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Aquino implemented the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) program, which aimed to improve infrastructure in the country, including airports, seaports, roads, and bridges.</li></ul><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Major infrastructure projects completed during his term include the NAIA Expressway, the LRT Line 1 Extension, and the Mactan-Cebu International Airport Terminal.</li></ul><p></p><p><b>Education:</b></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Aquino implemented the K-12 program, which added two years to the country's basic education system in order to improve the quality of education.</li></ul><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The government increased the budget for education during his term, which led to the construction and repair of classrooms and the hiring of more teachers.</li></ul><p></p><p><b>Government Reform:</b></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Aquino implemented the "Daang Matuwid" or "Straight Path" program, which aimed to promote transparency, accountability, and good governance in the government.</li></ul><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>He also created the Philippine Open Government Partnership, which aimed to increase transparency and public participation in government.</li></ul><p></p><p><b>Health:</b></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Aquino implemented the Universal Health Care program, which aimed to provide all Filipinos with access to quality health services.</li></ul><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The government increased the budget for health during his term, which led to the construction and improvement of hospitals and health facilities.</li></ul><p></p><p><b>AFP Modernization Program:</b></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>During his term, Aquino also made efforts to modernize the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP). The AFP Modernization Program aimed to improve the country's defense capabilities and upgrade its military equipment and facilities.</li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Under Aquino's administration, the AFP Modernization Program received a significant increase in funding. The government allocated a total of PHP 94.9 billion ($2.2 billion) for the program from 2010 to 2016, which was almost triple the amount allocated during the previous administration.</li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Some of the key projects under the AFP Modernization Program implemented during Aquino's term include:</li></ul><p></p><p></p><ol style="text-align: left;"><li>The acquisition of FA-50 fighter jets from South Korea</li><li>The acquisition of naval helicopters and patrol boats</li><li>The acquisition of radar systems and other surveillance equipment</li><li>The upgrade of military bases and facilities</li></ol><p></p><p><b>Territorial Dispute:</b></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>During his term, Aquino also played a significant role in the Philippines' arbitration case against China over the South China Sea dispute. The case was filed in 2013 and was decided by an international tribunal in 2016, during Aquino's last year in office.</li></ul><p></p><p></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The tribunal, which was based in The Hague, Netherlands, ruled in favor of the Philippines and invalidated China's historical claims to much of the South China Sea. The ruling also affirmed the Philippines' rights to its exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and extended continental shelf (ECS) in the South China Sea.</li></ul><p></p><p><b>Peace and Order:</b></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Aquino implemented the Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro, which aimed to achieve lasting peace in Mindanao by addressing the root causes of the conflict.</li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>His administration also implemented the Oplan Lambat-Sibat program, which aimed to reduce crime and improve public safety.</li></ul><p></p><p><b>Controversies:</b></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Aquino was criticized for his handling of the Mamasapano incident in 2015, where 44 Special Action Force (SAF) troops were killed in a clash with Muslim rebels.</li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>He was also criticized for his handling of the response to Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) in 2013, which was one of the strongest typhoons to ever hit the country.</li></ul><p></p>

Benigno Simeon Aquino III

Benigno Simeon "Noynoy" Aquino III served as the 15th President of the Philippines from 2010 to 2016. During his term, he implemen...

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVmhIaU8FL_6EYaLYY_mYnGb9ftw6cq9j-dkR76HZ6qCV5gASR9nv8rG_GsGEiDJEE_WnjO5PHTTKJQha3bt2t6mX4usRe7SDpHC9vz3dki-FbcakSqo359a7y039-sWjlH0WOh9tRCCsbmHkoRm1Rcdn37F-QhJpUIT5kXdFgimD1M_upseRrlWT6JQ/s520/gloria%20arroyo.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="250" data-original-width="520" height="193" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVmhIaU8FL_6EYaLYY_mYnGb9ftw6cq9j-dkR76HZ6qCV5gASR9nv8rG_GsGEiDJEE_WnjO5PHTTKJQha3bt2t6mX4usRe7SDpHC9vz3dki-FbcakSqo359a7y039-sWjlH0WOh9tRCCsbmHkoRm1Rcdn37F-QhJpUIT5kXdFgimD1M_upseRrlWT6JQ/w400-h193/gloria%20arroyo.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p><br /></p><p>Gloria Macapagal Arroyo served as the 14th President of the Republic of the Philippines from 2001 to 2010. Her presidency was marked by both achievements and controversies. Some of her notable achievements and legacies as president include:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Economic growth: Arroyo's administration was known for its focus on economic growth. Under her leadership, the Philippine economy grew at an average annual rate of 4.5% from 2001 to 2009, and even survived the global financial crisis of 2008-2009.</li></ul><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Fiscal stability: Arroyo's administration also improved the fiscal stability of the country. She implemented fiscal reforms that reduced the budget deficit and increased revenues, leading to an improved credit rating for the Philippines.</li></ul><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Infrastructure development: Arroyo's administration also focused on infrastructure development. She oversaw the construction of several major highways and bridges, as well as the expansion of the country's telecommunications network.</li></ul><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Education: Arroyo's administration implemented several education reforms, including the Education for All program and the expansion of the Government Assistance to Students and Teachers in Private Education (GASTPE) program.</li></ul><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) was launched during her administration in 2008. The program is a conditional cash transfer program aimed at reducing poverty and promoting human capital development among poor households in the country.</li></ul></div><p>However, Arroyo's presidency was also marked by several controversies, including:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Election fraud: Arroyo was accused of election fraud during the 2004 presidential elections, in which she narrowly defeated her opponent, Fernando Poe Jr. The allegations of fraud were never proven, but they tarnished her reputation and led to protests and calls for her resignation.</li></ul><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Corruption: Arroyo's administration was also accused of corruption, particularly in relation to the "Hello Garci" scandal, in which she was allegedly caught on tape discussing election fraud with a top election official. She was also accused of accepting bribes from the Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office.</li></ul><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Human rights abuses: Arroyo's administration was criticized for human rights abuses, particularly in relation to the extrajudicial killings of political activists and journalists. She was also criticized for her handling of the Maguindanao massacre, in which 58 people were killed, including 32 journalists.</li></ul><p>In conclusion, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo's presidency was marked by both achievements and controversies. While she oversaw economic growth and made significant contributions to infrastructure development and education reform, she was also accused of election fraud, corruption, and human rights abuses.</p>

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo served as the 14th President of the Republic of the Philippines from 2001 to 2010. Her presidency was marked by both...